{"id":719,"date":"2025-02-26T14:46:18","date_gmt":"2025-02-26T13:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viva-gladius.com\/?p=719"},"modified":"2025-02-26T20:18:39","modified_gmt":"2025-02-26T19:18:39","slug":"lekarstvi-starych-rimanu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viva-gladius.com\/?p=719","title":{"rendered":"Leka\u0159stv\u00ed star\u00fdch \u0158\u00edman\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Po dobyt\u00ed \u0158ecka v roce 146 p\u0159ed Kristem se domovi\u0161t\u011b ,,medic\u00edny\u201c p\u0159esunulo do It\u00e1lie.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>O \u00farovni dobov\u00fdch znalost\u00ed sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed d\u00edlo \u201eNaturalis historia\u201c, kter\u00e9 sepsal spisovatel, a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edk Plinius Star\u0161\u00ed (asi 23 a\u017e 79 po Kristu). Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch sv\u00fdch spis\u016f zapsal mnoh\u00e9 ale hlavn\u011b n\u00e1m p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil starov\u011bk\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed.Velkou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho d\u00edla se v\u011bnoval l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdm rostlin\u00e1m. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i tuberkul\u00f3ze se u\u017e\u00edval jable\u010dn\u00edk, \u017ev\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00edm ko\u0159ene hlohu se zase m\u00edrnily bolesti zub\u016f. Pilinius v\u0161ak nebyl jedin\u00fdm odkazatelem starov\u011bk\u00e9 medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 moudrosti.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V Anazarb\u011b v Kilikii p\u016fsobil \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Pedanius Dioscorides (asi 41 a\u017e 90 po Kristu). B\u011bhem sv\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti v arm\u00e1d\u011b procestoval cel\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Na cest\u00e1ch se seznamoval s m\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed medic\u00ednou a zab\u00fdval se tak\u00e9 sb\u011brem l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch rostlin. V\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9 dlouholet\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce shrnul v p\u011btid\u00edln\u00e9 encyklopedii \u201ePeri hiules iatrices\u201c (O v\u011bcech l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch). Celkem se Dioscorides zmi\u0148uje zhruba o 800 l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch rostlin\u00e1ch. Kompletn\u00ed jeho d\u00edlo bylo p\u0159elo\u017eeno do arab\u0161tiny, ital\u0161tiny, francouz\u0161tiny a \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny. A a\u017e do 16. stolet\u00ed v n\u011bm hledali oporu v\u0161ichni l\u00e9ka\u0159i a l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edci. \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 tak\u00e9 disponovali ohromn\u00fdmi chirurgick\u00fdmi znalostmi, nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o pr\u00e1ci vojensk\u00fdch chirurg\u016f. \u0158\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed Medici mohli o\u0161et\u0159it prakticky jak\u00e9koliv v bitv\u011b utrp\u011bn\u00e9 zran\u011bn\u00ed, pokud byl zran\u011bn\u00fd voj\u00e1k st\u00e1le na \u017eivu, operovali, nebo jinak o\u0161et\u0159ovali pomoc\u00ed skalpel\u016f, h\u00e1\u010dk\u016f, vrta\u010dek, sond, svorek, pilek, katetr\u016f, kle\u0161ti\u010dek a vytahova\u010d\u016f \u0161\u00edp\u016f. Operovan\u00ed pacienti byli pod anestezii Morfinem (extrakt z m\u00e1ku) nebo Skopolaminem (Bl\u00edn \u010cern\u00fd), pou\u017e\u00edval se t\u00e9\u017e ko\u0159en Mandragory a Bolehlav. O t\u011bchto ti\u0161\u00edc\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 t\u00e9\u017e otupovali v\u011bdom\u00ed pacienta p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed \u010detn\u00ed anti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Hippokrates kolem roku 400 p\u0159ed Kristem a Claudius Galenus (Galenos) ve druh\u00e9m stolet\u00ed po Kristu Omamn\u00e9 a utlumuj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky se pacientovi pod\u00e1valy pomoc\u00ed tzv. usp\u00e1vac\u00ed houbi\u010dky. N\u00e1stroje se p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm pou\u017eit\u00edm striktn\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e1\u0159ely, obvazy se nikdy nepou\u017e\u00edvaly dvakr\u00e1t, zran\u011bn\u00ed se om\u00fdvala octem a za\u0161\u00edvala, na zlomen\u00e9 kosti se d\u00e1valy dlahy. Jako dal\u0161\u00ed desinfekce slou\u017eily v\u00edno, med, ohe\u0148, a prysky\u0159ice. Co se t\u00fd\u010de speci\u00e1ln\u011b poln\u00ed urgentn\u00ed medic\u00edny, \u0159\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed vojen\u0161t\u00ed chirurgov\u00e9 um\u011bli o\u0161et\u0159it, operovat a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyl\u00e9\u010dit i takov\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 invazivn\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00ed, jako byla bodn\u00e1 \u010di se\u010dn\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed v oblasti dutiny b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed a to dokonce i tehdy, pokud do\u0161lo k vyh\u0159eznut\u00ed st\u0159ev. Na \u00farove\u0148 tohoto l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed se po p\u00e1du \u0158\u00edma Evropa dostala a\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem 19. Stolet\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div><p id=\"pvc_stats_719\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"719\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.viva-gladius.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p><div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Po dobyt\u00ed \u0158ecka v roce 146 p\u0159ed Kristem se domovi\u0161t\u011b ,,medic\u00edny\u201c p\u0159esunulo do It\u00e1lie. O \u00farovni dobov\u00fdch znalost\u00ed sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed d\u00edlo \u201eNaturalis historia\u201c, kter\u00e9 sepsal spisovatel, a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edk Plinius Star\u0161\u00ed (asi 23 a\u017e 79 po Kristu). Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch sv\u00fdch spis\u016f zapsal mnoh\u00e9 ale hlavn\u011b n\u00e1m p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil starov\u011bk\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed.Velkou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho d\u00edla se v\u011bnoval l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdm rostlin\u00e1m. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i tuberkul\u00f3ze se u\u017e\u00edval jable\u010dn\u00edk, \u017ev\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00edm ko\u0159ene hlohu se zase m\u00edrnily bolesti zub\u016f. Pilinius v\u0161ak nebyl jedin\u00fdm odkazatelem starov\u011bk\u00e9 medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 moudrosti. V Anazarb\u011b v Kilikii p\u016fsobil \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Pedanius Dioscorides (asi 41 a\u017e 90 po Kristu). B\u011bhem sv\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti v arm\u00e1d\u011b procestoval cel\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Na cest\u00e1ch se seznamoval s m\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed medic\u00ednou a zab\u00fdval se tak\u00e9 sb\u011brem l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch rostlin. V\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9 dlouholet\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce shrnul v p\u011btid\u00edln\u00e9 encyklopedii \u201ePeri hiules iatrices\u201c (O v\u011bcech l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch). Celkem se Dioscorides zmi\u0148uje zhruba o 800 l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch rostlin\u00e1ch. Kompletn\u00ed jeho d\u00edlo bylo p\u0159elo\u017eeno do arab\u0161tiny, ital\u0161tiny, francouz\u0161tiny a \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny. A a\u017e do 16. stolet\u00ed v n\u011bm hledali oporu v\u0161ichni l\u00e9ka\u0159i a l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edci. \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 tak\u00e9 disponovali ohromn\u00fdmi chirurgick\u00fdmi znalostmi, nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o pr\u00e1ci vojensk\u00fdch chirurg\u016f. \u0158\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed Medici mohli o\u0161et\u0159it prakticky jak\u00e9koliv v bitv\u011b utrp\u011bn\u00e9 zran\u011bn\u00ed, pokud byl zran\u011bn\u00fd voj\u00e1k st\u00e1le na \u017eivu, operovali, nebo jinak o\u0161et\u0159ovali pomoc\u00ed skalpel\u016f, h\u00e1\u010dk\u016f, vrta\u010dek, sond, svorek, pilek, katetr\u016f, kle\u0161ti\u010dek a vytahova\u010d\u016f \u0161\u00edp\u016f. Operovan\u00ed pacienti byli pod anestezii Morfinem (extrakt z m\u00e1ku) nebo Skopolaminem (Bl\u00edn \u010cern\u00fd), pou\u017e\u00edval se t\u00e9\u017e ko\u0159en Mandragory a Bolehlav. O t\u011bchto ti\u0161\u00edc\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 t\u00e9\u017e otupovali v\u011bdom\u00ed pacienta p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed \u010detn\u00ed anti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Hippokrates kolem roku 400 p\u0159ed Kristem a Claudius Galenus (Galenos) ve druh\u00e9m stolet\u00ed po Kristu Omamn\u00e9 a utlumuj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky se pacientovi pod\u00e1valy pomoc\u00ed tzv. usp\u00e1vac\u00ed houbi\u010dky. N\u00e1stroje se p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm pou\u017eit\u00edm striktn\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e1\u0159ely, obvazy se nikdy nepou\u017e\u00edvaly dvakr\u00e1t, zran\u011bn\u00ed se om\u00fdvala octem a za\u0161\u00edvala, na zlomen\u00e9 kosti se d\u00e1valy dlahy. Jako dal\u0161\u00ed desinfekce slou\u017eily v\u00edno, med, ohe\u0148, a prysky\u0159ice. Co se t\u00fd\u010de speci\u00e1ln\u011b poln\u00ed urgentn\u00ed medic\u00edny, \u0159\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed vojen\u0161t\u00ed chirurgov\u00e9 um\u011bli o\u0161et\u0159it, operovat a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyl\u00e9\u010dit i takov\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 invazivn\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00ed, jako byla bodn\u00e1 \u010di se\u010dn\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed v oblasti dutiny b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed a to dokonce i tehdy, pokud do\u0161lo k vyh\u0159eznut\u00ed st\u0159ev. Na \u00farove\u0148 tohoto l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed se po p\u00e1du \u0158\u00edma Evropa dostala a\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem 19. Stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_719\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"719\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.viva-gladius.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":724,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"a3_pvc":{"activated":true,"total_views":41,"today_views":0},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Leka\u0159stv\u00ed star\u00fdch \u0158\u00edman\u016f - Viva Gladius<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.viva-gladius.com\/?p=719\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Leka\u0159stv\u00ed star\u00fdch \u0158\u00edman\u016f - Viva Gladius\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Po dobyt\u00ed \u0158ecka v roce 146 p\u0159ed Kristem se domovi\u0161t\u011b ,,medic\u00edny\u201c p\u0159esunulo do It\u00e1lie. O \u00farovni dobov\u00fdch znalost\u00ed sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed d\u00edlo \u201eNaturalis historia\u201c, kter\u00e9 sepsal spisovatel, a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edk Plinius Star\u0161\u00ed (asi 23 a\u017e 79 po Kristu). Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch sv\u00fdch spis\u016f zapsal mnoh\u00e9 ale hlavn\u011b n\u00e1m p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil starov\u011bk\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed.Velkou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho d\u00edla se v\u011bnoval l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdm rostlin\u00e1m. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i tuberkul\u00f3ze se u\u017e\u00edval jable\u010dn\u00edk, \u017ev\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00edm ko\u0159ene hlohu se zase m\u00edrnily bolesti zub\u016f. Pilinius v\u0161ak nebyl jedin\u00fdm odkazatelem starov\u011bk\u00e9 medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 moudrosti. V Anazarb\u011b v Kilikii p\u016fsobil \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Pedanius Dioscorides (asi 41 a\u017e 90 po Kristu). B\u011bhem sv\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti v arm\u00e1d\u011b procestoval cel\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Na cest\u00e1ch se seznamoval s m\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed medic\u00ednou a zab\u00fdval se tak\u00e9 sb\u011brem l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch rostlin. V\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9 dlouholet\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce shrnul v p\u011btid\u00edln\u00e9 encyklopedii \u201ePeri hiules iatrices\u201c (O v\u011bcech l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch). Celkem se Dioscorides zmi\u0148uje zhruba o 800 l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch rostlin\u00e1ch. Kompletn\u00ed jeho d\u00edlo bylo p\u0159elo\u017eeno do arab\u0161tiny, ital\u0161tiny, francouz\u0161tiny a \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny. A a\u017e do 16. stolet\u00ed v n\u011bm hledali oporu v\u0161ichni l\u00e9ka\u0159i a l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edci. \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 tak\u00e9 disponovali ohromn\u00fdmi chirurgick\u00fdmi znalostmi, nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o pr\u00e1ci vojensk\u00fdch chirurg\u016f. \u0158\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed Medici mohli o\u0161et\u0159it prakticky jak\u00e9koliv v bitv\u011b utrp\u011bn\u00e9 zran\u011bn\u00ed, pokud byl zran\u011bn\u00fd voj\u00e1k st\u00e1le na \u017eivu, operovali, nebo jinak o\u0161et\u0159ovali pomoc\u00ed skalpel\u016f, h\u00e1\u010dk\u016f, vrta\u010dek, sond, svorek, pilek, katetr\u016f, kle\u0161ti\u010dek a vytahova\u010d\u016f \u0161\u00edp\u016f. Operovan\u00ed pacienti byli pod anestezii Morfinem (extrakt z m\u00e1ku) nebo Skopolaminem (Bl\u00edn \u010cern\u00fd), pou\u017e\u00edval se t\u00e9\u017e ko\u0159en Mandragory a Bolehlav. O t\u011bchto ti\u0161\u00edc\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 t\u00e9\u017e otupovali v\u011bdom\u00ed pacienta p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed \u010detn\u00ed anti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Hippokrates kolem roku 400 p\u0159ed Kristem a Claudius Galenus (Galenos) ve druh\u00e9m stolet\u00ed po Kristu Omamn\u00e9 a utlumuj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky se pacientovi pod\u00e1valy pomoc\u00ed tzv. usp\u00e1vac\u00ed houbi\u010dky. N\u00e1stroje se p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm pou\u017eit\u00edm striktn\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e1\u0159ely, obvazy se nikdy nepou\u017e\u00edvaly dvakr\u00e1t, zran\u011bn\u00ed se om\u00fdvala octem a za\u0161\u00edvala, na zlomen\u00e9 kosti se d\u00e1valy dlahy. Jako dal\u0161\u00ed desinfekce slou\u017eily v\u00edno, med, ohe\u0148, a prysky\u0159ice. Co se t\u00fd\u010de speci\u00e1ln\u011b poln\u00ed urgentn\u00ed medic\u00edny, \u0159\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed vojen\u0161t\u00ed chirurgov\u00e9 um\u011bli o\u0161et\u0159it, operovat a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyl\u00e9\u010dit i takov\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 invazivn\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00ed, jako byla bodn\u00e1 \u010di se\u010dn\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed v oblasti dutiny b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed a to dokonce i tehdy, pokud do\u0161lo k vyh\u0159eznut\u00ed st\u0159ev. Na \u00farove\u0148 tohoto l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed se po p\u00e1du \u0158\u00edma Evropa dostala a\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem 19. Stolet\u00ed.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.viva-gladius.com\/?p=719\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Viva Gladius\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-02-26T13:46:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-26T19:18:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.viva-gladius.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/1grande_6155-1024x773-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1197\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"773\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"bran01\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napsal(a)\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"bran01\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/?p=719#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/?p=719\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"bran01\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/40851d9943acc4b6c8a51a1eb9692072\"},\"headline\":\"Leka\u0159stv\u00ed star\u00fdch \u0158\u00edman\u016f\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-02-26T13:46:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-26T19:18:39+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/?p=719\"},\"wordCount\":517,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/?p=719#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/1grande_6155-1024x773-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"History\"],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/?p=719#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/?p=719\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.viva-gladius.com\\\/?p=719\",\"name\":\"Leka\u0159stv\u00ed star\u00fdch \u0158\u00edman\u016f - 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Viva Gladius","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.viva-gladius.com\/?p=719","og_locale":"cs_CZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"Leka\u0159stv\u00ed star\u00fdch \u0158\u00edman\u016f - Viva Gladius","og_description":"Po dobyt\u00ed \u0158ecka v roce 146 p\u0159ed Kristem se domovi\u0161t\u011b ,,medic\u00edny\u201c p\u0159esunulo do It\u00e1lie. O \u00farovni dobov\u00fdch znalost\u00ed sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed d\u00edlo \u201eNaturalis historia\u201c, kter\u00e9 sepsal spisovatel, a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edk Plinius Star\u0161\u00ed (asi 23 a\u017e 79 po Kristu). Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch sv\u00fdch spis\u016f zapsal mnoh\u00e9 ale hlavn\u011b n\u00e1m p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil starov\u011bk\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed.Velkou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho d\u00edla se v\u011bnoval l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdm rostlin\u00e1m. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i tuberkul\u00f3ze se u\u017e\u00edval jable\u010dn\u00edk, \u017ev\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00edm ko\u0159ene hlohu se zase m\u00edrnily bolesti zub\u016f. Pilinius v\u0161ak nebyl jedin\u00fdm odkazatelem starov\u011bk\u00e9 medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 moudrosti. V Anazarb\u011b v Kilikii p\u016fsobil \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 Pedanius Dioscorides (asi 41 a\u017e 90 po Kristu). B\u011bhem sv\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti v arm\u00e1d\u011b procestoval cel\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Na cest\u00e1ch se seznamoval s m\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed medic\u00ednou a zab\u00fdval se tak\u00e9 sb\u011brem l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch rostlin. V\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9 dlouholet\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce shrnul v p\u011btid\u00edln\u00e9 encyklopedii \u201ePeri hiules iatrices\u201c (O v\u011bcech l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch). Celkem se Dioscorides zmi\u0148uje zhruba o 800 l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch rostlin\u00e1ch. Kompletn\u00ed jeho d\u00edlo bylo p\u0159elo\u017eeno do arab\u0161tiny, ital\u0161tiny, francouz\u0161tiny a \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny. A a\u017e do 16. stolet\u00ed v n\u011bm hledali oporu v\u0161ichni l\u00e9ka\u0159i a l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edci. \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 tak\u00e9 disponovali ohromn\u00fdmi chirurgick\u00fdmi znalostmi, nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o pr\u00e1ci vojensk\u00fdch chirurg\u016f. \u0158\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed Medici mohli o\u0161et\u0159it prakticky jak\u00e9koliv v bitv\u011b utrp\u011bn\u00e9 zran\u011bn\u00ed, pokud byl zran\u011bn\u00fd voj\u00e1k st\u00e1le na \u017eivu, operovali, nebo jinak o\u0161et\u0159ovali pomoc\u00ed skalpel\u016f, h\u00e1\u010dk\u016f, vrta\u010dek, sond, svorek, pilek, katetr\u016f, kle\u0161ti\u010dek a vytahova\u010d\u016f \u0161\u00edp\u016f. Operovan\u00ed pacienti byli pod anestezii Morfinem (extrakt z m\u00e1ku) nebo Skopolaminem (Bl\u00edn \u010cern\u00fd), pou\u017e\u00edval se t\u00e9\u017e ko\u0159en Mandragory a Bolehlav. O t\u011bchto ti\u0161\u00edc\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 t\u00e9\u017e otupovali v\u011bdom\u00ed pacienta p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed \u010detn\u00ed anti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Hippokrates kolem roku 400 p\u0159ed Kristem a Claudius Galenus (Galenos) ve druh\u00e9m stolet\u00ed po Kristu Omamn\u00e9 a utlumuj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky se pacientovi pod\u00e1valy pomoc\u00ed tzv. usp\u00e1vac\u00ed houbi\u010dky. N\u00e1stroje se p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm pou\u017eit\u00edm striktn\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e1\u0159ely, obvazy se nikdy nepou\u017e\u00edvaly dvakr\u00e1t, zran\u011bn\u00ed se om\u00fdvala octem a za\u0161\u00edvala, na zlomen\u00e9 kosti se d\u00e1valy dlahy. Jako dal\u0161\u00ed desinfekce slou\u017eily v\u00edno, med, ohe\u0148, a prysky\u0159ice. Co se t\u00fd\u010de speci\u00e1ln\u011b poln\u00ed urgentn\u00ed medic\u00edny, \u0159\u00edm\u0161t\u00ed vojen\u0161t\u00ed chirurgov\u00e9 um\u011bli o\u0161et\u0159it, operovat a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyl\u00e9\u010dit i takov\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 invazivn\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00ed, jako byla bodn\u00e1 \u010di se\u010dn\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed v oblasti dutiny b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed a to dokonce i tehdy, pokud do\u0161lo k vyh\u0159eznut\u00ed st\u0159ev. Na \u00farove\u0148 tohoto l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed se po p\u00e1du \u0158\u00edma Evropa dostala a\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem 19. 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